Resveratrol Mitigates Diabetic Testicular Dysfunction, Endocrine Deficits, and Insulin Resistance via Suppression of Sperm-Endocrine Aberrations and Oxidative Inflammation in Rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) provokes reproductive impairments through endocrine disturbance, sperm deficits, and testicular oxidative inflammation. The study investigated the protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) against inflammation, sperm/endocrine insulin resistance in streptozotocin- (STZ-, 65 mg/kg) induced DM rat model. Male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 6 ): control, DM, RSV (150 mg/kg bw, orally), RSV+DM group (21 days). nontreated showed marked decreases serum insulin, hormones (T, LH, FSH), lipid profile levels compared to control. homeostatic index (HOMA-IR) quantitative sensitivity check (QUICKI) adversely modulated. Sperm count motility profoundly decreased, whereas abnormality was significantly increased. activities catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) level, along with inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10) dysregulated. histopathological lesions control rats. Interestingly, administration attenuated altered parameters, restored antioxidant mechanism, anti-inflammatory responses improved resistance. could prevent DM-induced deficits via modulating stress-mediated inflammation